JAAS (Java Authentication and Authorization Service) is a Java framework that provides APIs for user authentication and authorization. It allows developers to secure their Java applications by integrating with external authentication providers and implementing custom authorization rules.

When developing applications that leverage JAAS, it becomes essential to write comprehensive tests to ensure the correct behavior and functionality of the authentication and authorization mechanisms. In this blog post, we will explore how to write Arquillian tests for JAAS-enabled applications.

What is Arquillian?

Arquillian is a testing framework that simplifies the process of writing integration tests for Java applications. It provides a unified testing environment where tests can be executed against a real or simulated container environment. By using Arquillian, developers can test their code in a more realistic environment and validate the application’s behavior against its dependencies.

Setting Up the Arquillian Environment

Before writing tests for JAAS, we need to set up the Arquillian environment. Here are the steps to get started:

1. Add the Arquillian dependencies to your project’s build configuration (e.g., pom.xml for Maven):

   <dependency>
     <groupId>org.jboss.arquillian.junit</groupId>
     <artifactId>arquillian-junit-container</artifactId>
     <version>1.5.0.Final</version>
     <scope>test</scope>
   </dependency>
      
   <dependency>
     <groupId>org.jboss.arquillian.container</groupId>
     <artifactId>arquillian-tomcat-embedded-9</artifactId>
     <version>${arquillian.tomcat.version}</version>
     <scope>test</scope>
   </dependency>
   

   Make sure to adjust the version numbers based on your specific setup.

2. Create an Arquillian test case that extends org.jboss.arquillian.junit.Arquillian:

   import org.jboss.arquillian.container.test.api.Deployment;
   import org.jboss.arquillian.junit.Arquillian;
   import org.jboss.shrinkwrap.api.ShrinkWrap;
   import org.jboss.shrinkwrap.api.spec.WebArchive;
   import org.junit.Test;
   import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
   
   @RunWith(Arquillian.class)
   public class JaasArquillianTest {
   
       @Deployment
       public static WebArchive createDeployment() {
           // Create and return a WebArchive instance with your application's resources
           return ShrinkWrap.create(WebArchive.class, "test.war")
                   // Add your application's classes and resources
                   .addClass(JaasAuthenticationManager.class)
                   .addPackages(true, "com.example.myapp");
       }
      
       // Write your test cases here
   }
   

   In the createDeployment() method, you should define the structure of the deployment archive (WebArchive). Include your application’s classes and resources required for testing.

3. Configure Arquillian to use an embedded Tomcat container by adding the following properties to your arquillian.xml file:

   <container qualifier="tomcat-embedded" default="true">
       <configuration>
           <property name="catalinaHome">target/test-tomcat</property>
       </configuration>
   </container>
   

   This configuration specifies an embedded Tomcat container as the target runtime for Arquillian tests.

Writing JAAS Arquillian Tests

Once the Arquillian environment is set up, we can start writing tests for JAAS-based authentication and authorization. Here’s an example:

import javax.security.auth.login.LoginContext;
import javax.security.auth.login.LoginException;
import org.jboss.arquillian.junit.Arquillian;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;

@RunWith(Arquillian.class)
public class JaasArquillianTest {

    @Test
    public void testJaasAuthentication() throws LoginException {
        // Create a JAAS login context with the desired login configuration name
        LoginContext loginContext = new LoginContext("myLoginConfig");

        // Perform the login
        loginContext.login();

        // Assert that the login was successful
        assert loginContext.getSubject() != null;
    }

    @Test
    public void testJaasAuthorization() throws LoginException {
        // Create a JAAS login context with the desired login configuration name
        LoginContext loginContext = new LoginContext("myLoginConfig");

        // Perform the login
        loginContext.login();

        // Assert that the login was successful
        assert loginContext.getSubject() != null;

        // Perform authorization checks
        // ...

        // Assert that the authorization check passed
        // ...
    }
}

In the example above, we have defined two test methods that verify the authentication and authorization aspects of the JAAS configuration. The tests use a LoginContext to perform the login process and assert the presence of a valid subject.

Conclusion

Writing tests for JAAS-based authentication and authorization is essential to ensure the proper functioning of these critical security mechanisms. By using Arquillian, we can easily set up a testing environment and execute integration tests against our JAAS-enabled applications.